What the Seller Says, and What You Ask Next

Most sellers are not lying. They are describing how the business feels to them. Your job is to turn every feeling into a document.

Seller says"It practically runs itself."
You askHow many hours a week do you work, and who does that work after you leave?
Seller says"It clears way more than the returns show."
You askShow me in the bank statements. Unreported cash is not something a lender will count, and neither should you.
Seller says"The customers are loyal."
You askWhat share of sales comes from the top five customers, and do any of them have a contract?
Seller says"The equipment is in great shape."
You askHow old is each major piece, and what did repairs cost last year?

Four Ways to Work With Dr. Paul

02

Business Plan Writing

Buying with an SBA loan or an investor? Dr. Paul writes the acquisition business plan and five-year financials the lender asks for.

Business plan writing →

03

Fractional CFO/COO

Bought it? Dr. Paul works with you part time on the monthly numbers through the first year, when surprises tend to show up.

Fractional CFO and COO →

04

Small Business Education

Free guides on income statements, balance sheets, and bookkeeping, so you can read a seller's numbers yourself.

Free guides →

Dr. Paul's Insight: Busy Is Not a Number

Dr. Paul's Insight
From the Book · Accounting and Finance for Small Businesses, Chapter 4, Income Statement · Dr. Paul's Fabled Forest Business School Series

"How do you know the restaurant is making money?"

"I can feel it. The room's full. The line's out the door. The trucks are out every weekend." Frankie shrugged. "If we weren't making money, I'd feel it."

"What does it feel like?"

Frankie opened his mouth, and stopped, and for a moment looked honestly puzzled.

"Busy," he said.

Dr. Paul's take: Frankie is every seller who believes the business makes money because the room is full. He may even be right. But a full room tells you about sales, not profit, and you are buying the profit. When a Bradenton seller says the place is packed every weekend, thank them and ask for the income statement. Dr. Paul's guide to the income statement shows you how to read one line by line.

Rebuilding What the Seller Says It Earns

A made-up service business, made-up numbers, rounded. The listing says it earns $180,000 a year for the owner. The asking price is $400,000. Here is how a careful buyer could rebuild that number.

Step 1 · Strip out what you cannot prove

From the listing to verified earnings

Seller's stated earnings for one owner-operator$180,000
Less cash sales the seller says were never reported (not provable)-$30,000
Less a family member who works unpaid; you will have to pay someone-$38,000
Less equipment due for replacement, spread over five years-$12,000
Verified earnings before your loan$100,000
Step 2 · Pay for the purchase
Loan payment on a $400,000 purchase, ten years, about 8 percent-$58,000
Left to pay you, for running it full time$42,000

That is the whole lesson. The listing promised $180,000. After the paper test and the loan, the buyer could be working sixty hours a week for $42,000. Maybe the price comes down. Maybe the seller proves the cash. Maybe you walk. All three are good outcomes, because you found out before closing instead of after.

No-Cost Help in Manatee County, on Both Sides of the Deal

You do not have to read a seller's books alone. The Florida SBDC at USF serves Manatee County from a Lakewood Ranch office hosted by the Manatee Chamber of Commerce, and it runs a deeper program for established businesses.

Before: check the CRA map

The City of Bradenton has three community redevelopment areas: Downtown, Central, and Tamiami Trail. If the business sits inside one, call the CRA office before closing and ask what grants or incentives may apply to that address.

After: Growth Acceleration Services

A no-cost program for businesses with at least $500,000 in sales, three years of operation, and five or more full-time staff. It includes an on-site assessment and a Business Health Assessment Report. If the business you buy meets those marks, ask whether it qualifies after closing.

Sources: City of Bradenton Community Redevelopment Agency; Florida SBDC at USF, Manatee; Florida SBDC at USF, Growth Acceleration Services.

Buying a business in Bradenton? Use both. Before closing, an outside read on the seller's numbers costs you nothing but time. After closing, an assessment could show what the seller never fixed. Dr. Paul works alongside that: he helps you rebuild the earnings and test the loan payment before you sign.

Seven Red Flags in a Bradenton Listing

One flag is a question. Three is a pattern. Raise them before the letter of intent.

  1. The seller will not share tax returns until you sign.

    A confidentiality agreement is normal. Refusing returns after one is not.

  2. Monthly numbers do not add up to the returns.

    Two sets of books means you do not know which one is true.

  3. The seller is the business.

    If customers ask for the owner by name, part of what you are buying leaves at closing.

  4. The lease ends soon, or the landlord has not agreed to assign it.

    A great business in a space you cannot keep is a moving project.

  5. Sales are flat or falling while the area grows.

    Ask why. The answer is usually a competitor or a tired owner.

  6. A big share of sales comes from one customer.

    Lose that one and the price you paid no longer makes sense.

  7. The seller wants to close fast.

    Sometimes it is retirement. Sometimes it is a problem coming next quarter.

Spotted two or more? That is the call to make before the deposit.Call or text (321) 948-9588 →

Local Offices and Rules to Know Before Closing

Buying a business does not skip the paperwork. It changes it. Start here.

City of Bradenton Local Business Tax

Anyone doing business inside city limits pays the Local Business Tax. The desk is at City Hall, 101 Old Main Street. Renewals are due by September 30, and there is no online payment option.

Transferring the Receipt in a Sale

Florida law lets a business tax receipt move to a new owner when there is a bona fide sale, with a transfer fee, the original receipt, and proof of the sale. See Section 205.043, Florida Statutes.

Florida SBDC at USF, Manatee

No-cost, confidential consulting by appointment, at the McClure Center in Lakewood Ranch. A useful second set of eyes on a purchase.

Manatee County Economic Development

The county's Economic Development Division is the point of contact for businesses that expand or relocate in Manatee County, if your plan grows after you buy.

A business near the Manatee River could be a fine buy and a business three miles out could be a trap. The address does not decide it. The books do. For the other nineteen growth and survival questions, see the Tampa Bay business consultant pillar.

Questions Bradenton Buyers Ask

How do I know what a business really earns before I buy it?
Rebuild the number yourself. Start with the tax returns, check that the monthly profit and loss statements add up to them, and check that the bank deposits match the sales. Then list every expense you will have that the seller does not, like a paid manager or a loan payment. What is left is what the business earns for you.
What is seller’s discretionary earnings?
It is the profit a single owner-operator takes home before their own salary, loan payments, and one-time costs. Sellers often list it because it is the biggest number. It is a fair starting point, but only if every add-back can be proven with paper. Cash the seller says was never reported does not count.
Does the business tax receipt transfer when I buy a business in Bradenton?
Florida law allows a local business tax receipt to be transferred to a new owner when there is a bona fide sale of the business, with a small transfer fee, the original receipt, and proof of the sale. For a business inside Bradenton city limits, ask the Local Business Tax desk at City Hall how they handle it, and check any county or state licenses separately.
Is it better to buy a business or start one?
Buying gets you customers, staff, and sales on day one, at a price. Starting costs less up front but takes longer to reach a profit. The right answer depends on whether the business you are buying earns enough to pay your loan and pay you. If it does not, starting fresh may be the cheaper path.
Can Dr. Paul review a business before I buy it?
Yes. In a business consulting session, Dr. Paul helps you read the seller's financials, rebuild the real earnings, and test whether the price and the loan payment leave you a living. He does not replace your attorney or CPA for legal and tax due diligence. He helps you go into those meetings knowing your numbers.

Read the books before you buy the business.

The Book That Teaches You to Read a Seller's Numbers

Accounting and Finance for Small Businesses book cover, Dr. Paul's Fabled Forest Business School Book 2

Dr. Paul's Fabled Forest Business School Series · Book 2

Accounting and Finance for Small Businesses

Book 2 of Dr. Paul's Fabled Forest Business School Series. Income statements, balance sheets, cash flow, and bank reconciliations, taught through one Fabled Forest owner per chapter. Frankie the fox, who never turned the page in Chapter 4, is the seller you will meet. This book makes sure you are not the buyer who never turned it either.

Get Book 2 on Amazon →

Dr. Paul Borosky, DBA, MBA

Business Consultant, Author & Educator | 14+ Years | 1,000+ Clients Served

DBA, National University MBA, Focus in Finance, Webster University Serving Tampa Bay from Deltona, FL

Dr. Paul Borosky, DBA, MBA is a business consultant, author, and educator, and the founder of Quality Business Plan. He helps Bradenton and Tampa Bay owners and buyers with business planning, financial modeling, fractional CFO work, and the everyday problems of businesses that depend too much on their owners. He is the creator of Dr. Paul's Organize-Plan-Grow™ Strategy, author of numerous published books on Amazon including Dr. Paul's Fabled Forest Business School Series, and publisher of over 1,000 business-focused videos on YouTube. He has taught as an adjunct college instructor and teaches in Florida public schools.

14+
Years Experience
1,000+
Clients Served
$100M+
Projects Funded
1,000+
YouTube Videos

This page is for general educational purposes only. It is not legal, financial, tax, accounting, or other professional advice. The worked example is an illustration with made-up, rounded figures, not data about any Bradenton business. Local rules are cited to their sources and change over time. Use an attorney and a CPA for due diligence on any purchase.