How to Delegate Work as a Small Business Owner

What Is Delegation?

Textbook Definition

Delegation is assigning a task to another person along with the responsibility for doing it and the authority to make the decisions it requires, while the manager remains accountable for the result.

In Plain English

Delegating means handing a job to someone, giving them what they need to finish it, and letting them finish it. You still own how it turns out. You just stop doing it yourself.

Why Does Doing It All Yourself Hold the Business Back?

A business can only move as fast as its narrowest point. When every job has to pass through you, the narrowest point is you. That is a bottleneck, and it puts a hard ceiling on the business: it can never be bigger than your hours.

The trap is that it feels like quality control. "Nobody does it as well as I do" is often true. But "as well as I do" is the wrong test. The right test is "well enough to meet the standard." Most of your list passes that test. You just have never checked.

Signs you have this problem:

  • Your task list is weeks long, and some of it is from last month.
  • You turn down bigger jobs because you cannot find "anyone good enough" to help.
  • Someone on your team keeps offering to help and you keep saying "I've got it."
  • You redo work that was already fine because the angle bothered you.
  • Employees wait on you for every decision, even small ones.
  • You miss deadlines on small jobs while the big opportunity sits untouched.
Three or more? Your business is exactly as wide as you are. Delegation is how it gets wider.

What It Looks Like When the Owner Will Not Let Go

From the Fabled Forest · Chapter 2

Alton the Ant is the best repair ant in the forest, and he knows it. His company sounds like a firm of forty. It is one ant with six legs and a list that unrolls off the counter and keeps going. He spent four days rebuilding a register because the angle of a perfectly good cable bothered him.

He turned down the biggest job in the forest because he could not find anyone good enough to help. Meanwhile, an eager apprentice had asked him for work three times. He had never let her touch anything, so he had no idea whether she was any good.

Doctor Owl did not tell Alton to work faster. He turned the list over, drew three columns on the back, and asked one question about every job on it.

Alton's story is Chapter 2 of Management and Leadership for Small Businesses, Book 1 of Dr. Paul's Fabled Forest Business School Series.

How to Delegate Work in 5 Steps

You do not need a bigger team to start. You need one task, one person, and a clear finish line.

  1. List every task you did last week.

    All of it. The big jobs, the small ones, the ones you do without thinking. You cannot hand off what you have not written down.

  2. Sort the list into three piles.

    Only I can do it. I do it for now. Someone trained could do it with instructions. Be honest about the third pile. "Not as well as me" does not mean "not well enough."

  3. Pick one task from the third pile and write the steps.

    Use a standard operating procedure if you have one. Then say what done looks like and when it is due. Vague hand-offs get vague results.

  4. Hand over the authority, not just the task.

    If the job needs a part, a refund, or a decision, give them a dollar limit and the right to make the call. Responsibility without authority is just a longer way of doing it yourself.

  5. Check the result, not the method.

    Compare the work to what you agreed, not to how you would have done it. Different is not wrong. If it meets the standard, say so, and hand them the next one.

Dr. Paul's Insight

The most common mistake is not refusing to delegate. It is delegating the task and keeping every decision. The employee does the work, then waits for you to approve every part, every price, every call. Nothing got faster. You just added a step. Across 1,000+ clients, the owners who grow are the ones who give away the decision along with the job.

Worked Example: What Your Hours Are Worth You work 55 hours a week. Ten of those hours are third-pile tasks someone else could do. A trained employee does those ten hours at $20 an hour: $200 a week. You spend those ten hours on sales, quoting, and planning, work worth about $100 an hour to the business. 10 hours × ($100 − $20) = $800 a week in value, or about $41,600 a year, from handing off one-fifth of your week. Figures are an illustration to show the math, not a projection for your business.

Sample: A One-Page Delegation Hand-Off

Fill this out every time you hand off a task. It takes five minutes and prevents most of the "that is not what I meant" moments.

Task: Fix the bakery oven timerAssigned to: Apprentice techDue: Today, noon
What done looks likeThe timer rings on time three times in a row.
StepsWritten on the attached SOP, 10 steps.
Your authorityBuy any part needed, up to $50. Keep the receipt.
Call me only ifThe repair needs a part over $50, or anything is unsafe.
Check-inI will check the result at noon against "done looks like," not against how I would do it.

Sample for illustration. Adjust the task, limit, and timing to your business.

Hand It All Off and Stop Looking?

In the book, a company called Talon and Beak keeps offering owners shortcuts. Every one is legal. Every one sounds reasonable. Every one costs more than it saves. Here is the one in Chapter 2.

The Shortcut

Hand your entire task list to an outside crew and stop thinking about it.

Why It Works for a While

The list disappears overnight, and you feel lighter for the first time in months.

What It Costs

You still own every result, but you no longer know what is being done in your name, or how well. When something fails next month, the customer still calls you.

Delegation is not handing work away. It is handing work to someone, on purpose, with a standard and a check. Outsourcing can be good management. Outsourcing and never looking again is not.

Video: How to Delegate Without Losing Quality

Video Coming Soon

How to Delegate Work as a Small Business Owner

Dr. Paul walks through the three-pile sort and the hand-off sheet on screen.

How Much of Your List Can Only You Do?

Chapter 2 · Delegation

Six Legs Are Not Enough: An Ant's Backlog

"Alton," he said. "How many jobs are on this list?"

"Forty-one."

"How many of them can only you do?"

Alton opened his mouth to say all of them. Then he closed it, because he was a technician, and technicians answer the question that was asked.

"I'd have to look."

"Let us look."

How many of Alton's 41 jobs could someone else do? Get the answer, and the Three Piles worksheet, in Chapter 2. Book 1 of Dr. Paul's Fabled Forest Business School Series.

Get the Book on Amazon →

Delegation Questions

What are the three parts of delegation?
Responsibility, authority, and accountability. Responsibility is the job you hand over. Authority is the power to make the decisions that job needs. Accountability, owning how it turns out, stays with you. Leave out authority and the employee has to come back to you for every decision.
What should a small business owner delegate first?
Start with a routine task that someone could do well with written instructions, and that eats your time every week. Bookkeeping entry, scheduling, simple repairs, and order processing are common first hand-offs. Keep the work that only you can do: strategy, key customers, and pricing decisions.
Why do so many owners fail to delegate?
Usually because they believe nobody can do the work as well as they can. Sometimes that is true. But the test is whether someone can do it well enough to meet the standard, and most tasks pass. The other reason is time: writing the steps down feels slower than doing it yourself, once.
What is the difference between delegating and dumping work?
Delegating comes with clear steps, a definition of done, a deadline, the authority to finish, and a check on the result. Dumping is handing someone a job with none of that and walking away. Dumped work usually comes back wrong, and then the owner decides delegation does not work.

Written by Dr. Paul Borosky, DBA, MBA, business consultant, author, and educator with 14+ years and 1,000+ clients served. Want help deciding what to hand off first? Dr. Paul works with owners one-on-one.

This page is for general educational purposes only. It is not legal, financial, tax, accounting, or other professional advice. Dollar figures are illustrations. The Fabled Forest and its characters are fictional. For decisions about your own business, consult a qualified professional.